Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2017 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
This paper presents an analysis of THC, NMHC, CO, NOx and CO2 emissions during\ntesting of two bi-fuel vehicles, fuelled with petrol and gaseous fuels, on a chassis dynamometer\nin the context of the Euro 6 emissions requirements. The analyses were performed on one Euro\n5 bi-fuel vehicle (petrol/LPG) and one Euro 5 bi-fuel vehicle (petrol/CNG), both with SI engines\nequipped with MPI feeding systems operating in closed-loop control, typical three-way-catalysts\nand heated oxygen sensors. The vehicles had been adapted by their manufacturers for fuelling\nwith LPG or CNG by using additional special equipment mounted onto the existing petrol\nfuelling system. The vehicles tested featured multipoint gas injection systems. The aim of this\npaper was an analysis of the impact of the gaseous fuels on the exhaust emission in comparison\nto the emission of the vehicles fuelled with petrol.\nThe tests subject to the analyses presented here were performed in the Engine Research\nDepartment of BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biala,\nPoland, within a research programme investigating the influence of alternative fuels on exhaust\nemissions from light duty vehicle vehicles with spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines....
The article presents a study on emission measurements in passenger cars in tests conducted under real traffic conditions ââ?¬â?? Real Driving Emissions using a Portable Emission Measurement System type of equipment. A special feature of the outlined RDE tests is that they were performed in Polish road conditions, and thus their parameters may differ from their counterparts adopted in most European Union countries. Based on the findings vehicle emission conformity factors were developed, characterized as the fractional increase (or decrease) of traffic emissions during the homologation test or under normal operation conditions in relation to the emission limit standards (for chosen emission class) of the vehicle. Conducted research and the calculated conformity factors allowed for the environmental impact assessment of the vehicles of various emission classes, while also allowing early actions to restrict the emissions of selected components in passenger vehicles. The methods and measures used can also be applied to other types of vehicles (e.g. heavy duty or off-road vehicles) or vehicles powered by other fuels....
Vibration induced from road surface has an impact on the durability and reliability\nof electrical and mechanical components attached on the vehicle. There is little research\npublished relevant to the durability assessment of a flywheel energy recovery system installed\non city and district buses. Relevant international standards and legislations were reviewed and\nlarge discrepancy was found among them, in addition, there are no standards exclusively\ndeveloped for kinetic energy recovery systems on vehicles. This paper describes the\nexperimentation of assessment of road surface vibration input to the flywheel on a bus as\nobtained at the MIRA Proving Ground. Power density spectra have been developed based on\nthe raw data obtained during the experimentation. Validation of this model will be carried out\nusing accelerated life time tests that will be carried out on a shaker rig using an accumulated\nprofile based on the theory of fatigue damage equivalence in time and frequency domain\naligned with the model predictions....
Night vision systems get more and more attention in the field of automotive active safety field. In this area, a number of\nresearchers have proposed far-infrared sensor based night-time vehicle detection algorithm.However, existing algorithms have low\nperformance in some indicators such as the detection rate and processing time. To solve this problem, we propose a far-infrared\nimage vehicle detection algorithm based on visual saliency and deep learning. Firstly,most of the non vehicle pixels will be removed\nwith visual saliency computation. Then, vehicle candidate will be generated by using prior information such as camera parameters\nand vehicle size. Finally, classifier trained with deep belief networks will be applied to verify the candidates generated in last step.\nThe proposed algorithm is tested in around 6000 images and achieves detection rate of 92.3% and processing time of 25Hz which\nis better than existing methods....
The reliability of the automobile seat angle-adjuster directly affects the safety\nof vehicle. The reliability of the seat angle-adjuster is improved based on\nbench test. Liability model of seat angle-adjuster system is established according\nto seat angle-adjuster of key parts failure mode. That provides technical\nsupport for the design improvements of seat angle-adjuster....
A continuous evolution of requirements and standards sheds over the development\nof new vehicles (for example EuroNCAP ratings) in order to create competition between same\nmarket models customer related. The low speed impact protection has to be permanently\nimproved as the damage of the front end structure of the vehicle to be reduced to minimal. As a\nconsequence, a lower damage implies less repair costs and therefore a lower insurance\ncategory. The front end structure, including the bumper, responds for the absorption of the\nkinetic energy created during the impact with maximum efficiency in order to avoid the large\ndeformation of structural components. This is only one of the constraints that the front end\nstructure has to cope with, additionally we can mention the dimensioning of the front end of\nthe vehicle which can affect the packaging, which is mainly influenced by the design, styling\nand the pedestrian requirements intended to be accomplished by the vehicle. The present paper\nfocuses on the low speed urban impact, offering an overview over the actual state, the load\nconfiguration, the applicable regulation, the challenging requirements of a modern front\nstructure, which the modern bumper has to comply with and the finite element simulation of\nthis kind of test....
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